NOTE: CCRC is continuing Care Retirement Community. Table 1: Nursing Homes Certified by Medicare and/or Medicaid in the US, 2015 Most nursing homes (95 percent) are freestanding facilities, while 5 percent are housed within a hospital. Among the nursing homes certified by Medicare or Medicaid, 10 percent are part of Continuing Care Retirement Communities (CCRCs), which typically offers housing options with a full range of assistance levels. On average, nursing homes have 106 beds, with 19 percent having fewer than 60 beds and almost 30 percent having more than 120. Among these nursing homes, most (70 percent) are for-profit, about a quarter (24 percent) are non-profit and a very small share are government-owned (6 percent). The vast majority (92 percent) are certified for both programs. Nationwide, just over 15,500 nursing homes are certified to provide care to Medicare or Medicaid beneficiaries ( Table 1). Women and people ages 85 and older account for a disproportionate share of nursing home residents.įigure 1: Medicare beneficiaries with stays in nursing facilities have significant functional and/or cognitive limitations and health problems Nursing Home Characteristics Nearly two-thirds have incomes of less than $20,000. 3Īmong Medicare beneficiaries who spent time in a long-term care facility or a skilled nursing facility, 81 percent are limited in their ability to perform activities of daily living, such as eating and bathing, 76 percent have cognitive or mental impairments, 55 percent are in fair/poor health and 32 percent have five or more chronic conditions, according to analysis of the 2010 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey ( Figure 1). Together, Medicare and Medicaid payments account for more than half (52 percent) of all expenditures on nursing home care, including care in skilled nursing facilities, nursing homes, and continuing care retirement communities. 2 Others are long-stay residents, often with dementia, who reside in nursing homes because they or their family are unable to care for them in their own homes. 1 Some are short-stay residents and are admitted for Medicare-covered skilled nursing care following a hospitalization before returning home or continuing to stay for non-Medicare covered services in the same or different facility.
While Medicaid is the primary payer for over 60 percent of nursing facility residents, the vast majority of people living in nursing homes are Medicare beneficiaries. Nursing home residents tend to have significant limitations, including functional and/or cognitive limitations and multiple chronic conditions. Nursing home quality is a serious issue, particularly in light of the vulnerability of the people who are living in them.
Background The people living in nursing homes
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